Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) released a research report, “An Assessment of Urban Form and Pedestrian and Transit Improvements as an Integrated Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategy.”  Using data from a regional Household Activity Survey, the study models the association of urban form, pedestrian infrastructure, transit service and travel costs on vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and carbon dioxide (CO²), controlling for household characteristics known to influence travel.  Although unable to isolate sidewalks themselves from other factors such as mixed land use patterns, shorter transit travel and wait times, lower transit fares, and higher parking costs, the study provides a foundation for further research into how pedestrian facility investment, urban form, transit service, and demand management (pricing) policy can interact to help achieve reductions in VMT and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.