Racial and ethnic disparities in economic outcomes across U.S. regions

As measured by education, employment, and income in regions across the U.S., economic success is limited by factors of race or ethnicity, most clearly for black and Hispanic residents. Especially relative to peer regions, metropolitan Chicago needs to remove barriers to residents' economic prospects, health, and overall quality of life. Disrupting these inequitable patterns is essential to achieve "inclusive growth": Our region as a whole simply cannot thrive when so many people and places are left behind.

Use this interactive chart to compare regions' 2016 educational attainment, unemployment, and household income by race or ethnicity.

Atlanta

Educational Attainment

 
Atlanta Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.0%

Unemployment

 
Atlanta Unemployment, Regional Average 8.2%

Median Household Income

 
Atlanta Median Household Income, Regional Average $59,183

Baltimore

Educational Attainment

 
Baltimore Educational Attainment, Regional Average 46.2%

Unemployment

 
Baltimore Unemployment, Regional Average 6.7%

Median Household Income

 
Baltimore Median Household Income, Regional Average $72,801

Boston

Educational Attainment

 
Boston Educational Attainment, Regional Average 54.1%

Unemployment

 
Boston Unemployment, Regional Average 6.3%

Median Household Income

 
Boston Median Household Income, Regional Average $77,809

Chicago

Educational Attainment

 
Chicago Educational Attainment, Regional Average 44.3%

Unemployment

 
Chicago Unemployment, Regional Average 8.5%

Median Household Income

 
Chicago Median Household Income, Regional Average $63,327

Charlotte

Educational Attainment

 
Charlotte Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.6%

Unemployment

 
Charlotte Unemployment, Regional Average 8.3%

Median Household Income

 
Charlotte Median Household Income, Regional Average $55,191

Dallas-Fort Worth

Educational Attainment

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.7%

Unemployment

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Unemployment, Regional Average 6.0%

Median Household Income

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Median Household Income, Regional Average $61,330

Denver

Educational Attainment

 
Denver Educational Attainment, Regional Average 50.1%

Unemployment

 
Denver Unemployment, Regional Average 5.4%

Median Household Income

 
Denver Median Household Income, Regional Average $68,173

Detroit

Educational Attainment

 
Detroit Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.1%

Unemployment

 
Detroit Unemployment, Regional Average 9.2%

Median Household Income

 
Detroit Median Household Income, Regional Average $54,037

Houston

Educational Attainment

 
Houston Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.1%

Unemployment

 
Houston Unemployment, Regional Average 6.6%

Median Household Income

 
Houston Median Household Income, Regional Average $60,902

Los Angeles

Educational Attainment

 
Los Angeles Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.7%

Unemployment

 
Los Angeles Unemployment, Regional Average 8.4%

Median Household Income

 
Los Angeles Median Household Income, Regional Average $62,216

Miami

Educational Attainment

 
Miami Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.0%

Unemployment

 
Miami Unemployment, Regional Average 8.5%

Median Household Income

 
Miami Median Household Income, Regional Average $50,064

Minneapolis

Educational Attainment

 
Minneapolis Educational Attainment, Regional Average 51.3%

Unemployment

 
Minneapolis Unemployment, Regional Average 4.9%

Median Household Income

 
Minneapolis Median Household Income, Regional Average $70,915

New York

Educational Attainment

 
New York Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.9%

Unemployment

 
New York Unemployment, Regional Average 7.7%

Median Household Income

 
New York Median Household Income, Regional Average $69,211

Orlando

Educational Attainment

 
Orlando Educational Attainment, Regional Average 42.0%

Unemployment

 
Orlando Unemployment, Regional Average 8.1%

Median Household Income

 
Orlando Median Household Income, Regional Average $50,183

Philadelphia

Educational Attainment

 
Philadelphia Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.7%

Unemployment

 
Philadelphia Unemployment, Regional Average 8.3%

Median Household Income

 
Philadelphia Median Household Income, Regional Average $63,952

Phoenix

Educational Attainment

 
Phoenix Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.3%

Unemployment

 
Phoenix Unemployment, Regional Average 7.0%

Median Household Income

 
Phoenix Median Household Income, Regional Average $55,227

Portland

Educational Attainment

 
Portland Educational Attainment, Regional Average 47.8%

Unemployment

 
Portland Unemployment, Regional Average 7.2%

Median Household Income

 
Portland Median Household Income, Regional Average $62,772

Riverside

Educational Attainment

 
Riverside Educational Attainment, Regional Average 29.2%

Unemployment

 
Riverside Unemployment, Regional Average 11.2%

Median Household Income

 
Riverside Median Household Income, Regional Average $56,295

San Antonio

Educational Attainment

 
San Antonio Educational Attainment, Regional Average 35.6%

Unemployment

 
San Antonio Unemployment, Regional Average 6.5%

Median Household Income

 
San Antonio Median Household Income, Regional Average $54,638

San Diego

Educational Attainment

 
San Diego Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.3%

Unemployment

 
San Diego Unemployment, Regional Average 7.8%

Median Household Income

 
San Diego Median Household Income, Regional Average $66,529

San Francisco

Educational Attainment

 
San Francisco Educational Attainment, Regional Average 55.0%

Unemployment

 
San Francisco Unemployment, Regional Average 6.7%

Median Household Income

 
San Francisco Median Household Income, Regional Average $85,947

Seattle

Educational Attainment

 
Seattle Educational Attainment, Regional Average 51.1%

Unemployment

 
Seattle Unemployment, Regional Average 6.1%

Median Household Income

 
Seattle Median Household Income, Regional Average $73,044

St Louis

Educational Attainment

 
St Louis Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.3%

Unemployment

 
St Louis Unemployment, Regional Average 7.1%

Median Household Income

 
St Louis Median Household Income, Regional Average $56,726

Tampa

Educational Attainment

 
Tampa Educational Attainment, Regional Average 38.5%

Unemployment

 
Tampa Unemployment, Regional Average 7.9%

Median Household Income

 
Tampa Median Household Income, Regional Average $48,521

Washington, D.C.

Educational Attainment

 
Washington, D.C. Educational Attainment, Regional Average 55.8%

Unemployment

 
Washington, D.C. Unemployment, Regional Average 5.9%

Median Household Income

 
Washington, D.C. Median Household Income, Regional Average $93,804
 

Select another metropolitan region to compare

Educational Attainment

 
Educational Attainment, Regional Average 50.0%

Unemployment

 
Unemployment, Regional Average 5.0%

Median Household Income

 
Median Household Income, Regional Average $50,000

Atlanta

Educational Attainment

 
Atlanta Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.0%

Unemployment

 
Atlanta Unemployment, Regional Average 8.2%

Median Household Income

 
Atlanta Median Household Income, Regional Average $59,183

Baltimore

Educational Attainment

 
Baltimore Educational Attainment, Regional Average 46.2%

Unemployment

 
Baltimore Unemployment, Regional Average 6.7%

Median Household Income

 
Baltimore Median Household Income, Regional Average $72,801

Boston

Educational Attainment

 
Boston Educational Attainment, Regional Average 54.1%

Unemployment

 
Boston Unemployment, Regional Average 6.3%

Median Household Income

 
Boston Median Household Income, Regional Average $77,809

Chicago

Educational Attainment

 
Chicago Educational Attainment, Regional Average 44.3%

Unemployment

 
Chicago Unemployment, Regional Average 8.5%

Median Household Income

 
Chicago Median Household Income, Regional Average $63,327

Charlotte

Educational Attainment

 
Charlotte Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.6%

Unemployment

 
Charlotte Unemployment, Regional Average 8.3%

Median Household Income

 
Charlotte Median Household Income, Regional Average $55,191

Dallas-Fort Worth

Educational Attainment

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.7%

Unemployment

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Unemployment, Regional Average 6.0%

Median Household Income

 
Dallas-Fort Worth Median Household Income, Regional Average $61,330

Denver

Educational Attainment

 
Denver Educational Attainment, Regional Average 50.1%

Unemployment

 
Denver Unemployment, Regional Average 5.4%

Median Household Income

 
Denver Median Household Income, Regional Average $68,173

Detroit

Educational Attainment

 
Detroit Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.1%

Unemployment

 
Detroit Unemployment, Regional Average 9.2%

Median Household Income

 
Detroit Median Household Income, Regional Average $54,037

Houston

Educational Attainment

 
Houston Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.1%

Unemployment

 
Houston Unemployment, Regional Average 6.6%

Median Household Income

 
Houston Median Household Income, Regional Average $60,902

Los Angeles

Educational Attainment

 
Los Angeles Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.7%

Unemployment

 
Los Angeles Unemployment, Regional Average 8.4%

Median Household Income

 
Los Angeles Median Household Income, Regional Average $62,216

Miami

Educational Attainment

 
Miami Educational Attainment, Regional Average 40.0%

Unemployment

 
Miami Unemployment, Regional Average 8.5%

Median Household Income

 
Miami Median Household Income, Regional Average $50,064

Minneapolis

Educational Attainment

 
Minneapolis Educational Attainment, Regional Average 51.3%

Unemployment

 
Minneapolis Unemployment, Regional Average 4.9%

Median Household Income

 
Minneapolis Median Household Income, Regional Average $70,915

New York

Educational Attainment

 
New York Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.9%

Unemployment

 
New York Unemployment, Regional Average 7.7%

Median Household Income

 
New York Median Household Income, Regional Average $69,211

Orlando

Educational Attainment

 
Orlando Educational Attainment, Regional Average 42.0%

Unemployment

 
Orlando Unemployment, Regional Average 8.1%

Median Household Income

 
Orlando Median Household Income, Regional Average $50,183

Philadelphia

Educational Attainment

 
Philadelphia Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.7%

Unemployment

 
Philadelphia Unemployment, Regional Average 8.3%

Median Household Income

 
Philadelphia Median Household Income, Regional Average $63,952

Phoenix

Educational Attainment

 
Phoenix Educational Attainment, Regional Average 39.3%

Unemployment

 
Phoenix Unemployment, Regional Average 7.0%

Median Household Income

 
Phoenix Median Household Income, Regional Average $55,227

Portland

Educational Attainment

 
Portland Educational Attainment, Regional Average 47.8%

Unemployment

 
Portland Unemployment, Regional Average 7.2%

Median Household Income

 
Portland Median Household Income, Regional Average $62,772

Riverside

Educational Attainment

 
Riverside Educational Attainment, Regional Average 29.2%

Unemployment

 
Riverside Unemployment, Regional Average 11.2%

Median Household Income

 
Riverside Median Household Income, Regional Average $56,295

San Antonio

Educational Attainment

 
San Antonio Educational Attainment, Regional Average 35.6%

Unemployment

 
San Antonio Unemployment, Regional Average 6.5%

Median Household Income

 
San Antonio Median Household Income, Regional Average $54,638

San Diego

Educational Attainment

 
San Diego Educational Attainment, Regional Average 45.3%

Unemployment

 
San Diego Unemployment, Regional Average 7.8%

Median Household Income

 
San Diego Median Household Income, Regional Average $66,529

San Francisco

Educational Attainment

 
San Francisco Educational Attainment, Regional Average 55.0%

Unemployment

 
San Francisco Unemployment, Regional Average 6.7%

Median Household Income

 
San Francisco Median Household Income, Regional Average $85,947

Seattle

Educational Attainment

 
Seattle Educational Attainment, Regional Average 51.1%

Unemployment

 
Seattle Unemployment, Regional Average 6.1%

Median Household Income

 
Seattle Median Household Income, Regional Average $73,044

St Louis

Educational Attainment

 
St Louis Educational Attainment, Regional Average 43.3%

Unemployment

 
St Louis Unemployment, Regional Average 7.1%

Median Household Income

 
St Louis Median Household Income, Regional Average $56,726

Tampa

Educational Attainment

 
Tampa Educational Attainment, Regional Average 38.5%

Unemployment

 
Tampa Unemployment, Regional Average 7.9%

Median Household Income

 
Tampa Median Household Income, Regional Average $48,521

Washington, D.C.

Educational Attainment

 
Washington, D.C. Educational Attainment, Regional Average 55.8%

Unemployment

 
Washington, D.C. Unemployment, Regional Average 5.9%

Median Household Income

 
Washington, D.C. Median Household Income, Regional Average $93,804
 
 

Notes: Educational attainment refers to the percent of residents ages 25 and over with an associate’s degree or higher. Employment rates refer to residents 16 and over. Data is shown for the the 25 largest metropolitan statistical areas by population in the U.S

Source: Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning analysis of American Community Survey Data, 1-year estimates 2016 and 5-year estimates, 2012-16.

ON TO 2050 Recommendations

Regions that offer economic opportunity for residents regardless of race, income, or background enjoy longer, stronger periods of prosperity and fewer, shorter periods of stagnation. The ON TO 2050 comprehensive plan contains strategies for bringing inclusive growth to all seven counties and 284 communities of metropolitan Chicago. Inclusive growth will require multiple, sustained initiatives to tackle the many issues that perpetuate economic inequality and impair regional prosperity.